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Spammers use different techniques to find out email addresses. The following are the most common ways.

1.Subscriptions to some websites
Some of the sites (unsecured/non trusted) will sell their subscriber’s email addresses or share with their partners. 
We need to be careful when subscribing to any sites/promotion offers. They should provide un-subscription option from
 the mailing list. 
2.Through usenet news group posts
Some spammers will monitor the Usenet news groups and the posts.
3.Yellow pages/directory listings
Some of the email providers list the email addresses in directory listings, some maintain its own list and some providers
 will sell/share with their partners. 
4.Dictionary attack
Some spammers used different programs/software’s with which they send emails to random addresses like aaa@xyz.com, 
aab@xyz.com and soon, some times they use valid return address and monitor the bounced messages. If any address 
does not exist, they receive bounced message. If it exists, they not receive bounced message. They keep track 
of these non bounced addresses and send spam to those addresses. This is called as Dictionary attack. 
See definition at dictionary attack
5.Botnet/virus/Trojan
Spammer’s uses some virus/Trojan/software’s, and try to attack on other systems (unprotected systems), they take 
control of those systems, and send spam/attack other networks at any time. See WiKipedia on botnet

Spammers are using different techniques to not catch by spam filters. Some spam filters works based on sender’s
 address, some works based on subject, some work based on content of the message (content filter). 

As spammers use forged headers, they send spam with different sender names/domains, and changing subject lines.
To fight with content filters, spammers are using images in the messages recently 

For more details, different spamming techniques, how to fight and to report visit the following URLs: 
private.org about spam
newcreations abut spam
wikipedia about email spam
wikipedia about electronic spam



Read the articles at the following URLs.

spamming spoofing scam fraud threat virus hacking spyware copywright pronography